Maintaining the health and welfare of farmed aquatic species is critical for sustainable aquaculture. Health management practices include regular monitoring for diseases, maintaining optimal water quality, and using vaccines to prevent infections. Welfare practices also focus on providing proper habitat conditions, such as adequate space, water temperature, and oxygen levels, to reduce stress and promote natural behaviors. Ensuring that farmed fish have access to a nutritious diet and minimizing overcrowding are essential for maintaining overall health. Implementing these practices helps prevent diseases, reduces the need for antibiotics, and ensures that fish are treated humanely, which ultimately supports the long-term sustainability of the aquaculture industry and enhances its productivity.