Infectious Diseases in Aquaculture

Infectious diseases in aquaculture are a major challenge, impacting fish health, productivity, and economic viability. Common pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, each affecting different species and environments. For instance, bacterial infections like Vibrio and viral diseases such as Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis (IHN) are widespread. Disease spread is facilitated by overcrowding, poor water quality, and inadequate management practices, which can lead to significant losses. Preventive measures, including vaccination, biosecurity, and water treatment, are vital in reducing disease outbreaks. Additionally, early detection systems and improved diagnostic techniques help in timely intervention. Effective disease management practices not only enhance aquaculture productivity but also minimize the risk of transmission to natural fish populations.